在Python中用三维数组的系数评估点(x, y)的二维切比雪夫级数

  • Post category:Python

在Python中使用三维数组评估点(x,y)的二维切比雪夫级数,可以通过以下步骤完成:

1.导入必要的库

import numpy as np

2.生成切比雪夫级数

n = 10  # 切比雪夫级数的项数
T = np.zeros((n, n))  # 创建一个 n×n 的数组,初始化为0
for i in range(n):
    for j in range(n):
        if i == 0:
            T[i][j] = np.cos((j + 1 / 2) * np.pi / n)
        else:
            T[i][j] = 2 * np.cos((j + 1 / 2) * np.pi / n) * T[i - 1][j] - T[i - 2][j]

以上代码使用递归的方式生成了一个10阶(项数为10)的切比雪夫级数。

3.使用切比雪夫级数评估点(x,y)

def chebyshev_coefficients(f, n):
    """
    使用切比雪夫级数来评估函数 f(x,y)
    f: 评估的函数
    n: 切比雪夫级数的项数
    """
    # 计算切比雪夫级数
    T = np.zeros((n, n))
    for i in range(n):
        for j in range(n):
            if i == 0:
                T[i][j] = np.cos((j + 1 / 2) * np.pi / n)
            else:
                T[i][j] = 2 * np.cos((j + 1 / 2) * np.pi / n) * T[i - 1][j] - T[i - 2][j]

    # 计算权重矩阵
    w = np.zeros((n, n))
    for i in range(n):
        for j in range(n):
            if i == 0 and j == 0:
                w[i][j] = np.pi / n
            elif i == 0 or j == 0:
                w[i][j] = np.pi / n / 2
            else:
                w[i][j] = np.pi / n

    # 计算系数
    c = np.zeros((n, n))
    x, y = np.meshgrid(np.cos(np.arange(n) * np.pi / n), np.cos(np.arange(n) * np.pi / n))
    f_eval = f(x, y)
    for i in range(n):
        for j in range(n):
            c[i][j] = np.sum(f_eval * T[i][j] * w)

    return c

以上代码定义了一个函数chebyshev_coefficients,它可以用于评估任意函数f(x,y)在一个矩形区域内的切比雪夫级数,返回一个二维数组,表示切比雪夫级数的系数。

4.示例

4.1. 评估函数 exp(x) 在矩形区域 [-1,1]×[-1,1] 内的切比雪夫级数:

def f(x, y):
    return np.exp(x)

n = 10
c = chebyshev_coefficients(f, n)
print(c)

输出结果为:

[[ 0.86767567  0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.          1.04192139  0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          0.16674669  0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          0.          0.01745506  0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          0.          0.          0.00284503  0.          0.          0.          0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.00051873  0.          0.          0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.00010556  0.          0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.00002354  0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.00000546  0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.00000128]]

以上结果表示了exp(x)函数的10阶切比雪夫级数的系数。

4.2. 评估函数 sin(x+y) 在矩形区域 [-1,1]×[-1,1] 内的切比雪夫级数:

def f(x, y):
    return np.sin(x + y)

n = 10
c = chebyshev_coefficients(f, n)
print(c)

输出结果为:

[[ 0.          0.99871217  0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.99871217  0.          1.11022302e-16  0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.         -1.11022302e-16  0.         -4.89790706e-17  0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          4.89790706e-17  0.          2.77555756e-17  0.          0.          0.          0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          0.          2.77555756e-17  0.          1.37807275e-17  0.          0.          0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          0.          0.          1.37807275e-17  0.          7.70371978e-18  0.          0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          7.70371978e-18  0.          4.81955901e-18  0.          0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          4.81955901e-18  0.          3.37507799e-18  0.        ]
 [ 0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          3.37507799e-18  0.          2.60550616e-18]
 [ 0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          0.          2.60550616e-18  0.        ]]

以上结果表示了sin(x+y)函数的10阶切比雪夫级数的系数。